Retail Location Competition under Carbon Penalty
Özgen Karaer
Industrial Engineering Department, METU

Abstract
We study the retail location problem in a competitive linear market in which two retailers simultaneously choose their locations. Both retailers procure identical products from a common supplier and each consumer purchases from the closest retailer. Each retailer incurs transportation costs for inventory replenishment from the warehouse and consumer travels to the store. We consider two carbon tax schemes imposed on retailers: for supply-chain-related transportation and for consumer-related transportation. Our analysis indicates that intense competition between retailers leads to a “minimal differentiation” equilibrium, which substantially increases the total system emissions. According to our numerical experiments with realistic parameter values, carbon tax on supply-chain-related transportation does not affect retail location decisions. Carbon tax on consumer transportation, however, may effectively induce the retailers to approach the middle of their respective markets, reducing the total system emissions. Our analysis also indicates that a low carbon price, relative to market profitability, only reduces the total system profit without any effect on emissions. Our findings suggest that the central policymaker avoid a uniform car- bon price across different sources of emission and sectors with different characteristics.

Joint work with Hande Dilek and Emre Nadar.

Short Bio
Özgen Karaer is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Industrial Engineering at METU. She received her B.S. degree (2002) from Department of Industrial Engineering at METU, and her M.S. and Ph.D. (2008) degrees from Department of Management Science and Engineering at Stanford University. Prior to joining METU in 2012, she worked as a (data) scientist at the Operating Strategy department at Gap Inc., taking on projects on replenishment prioritization, promotion hindsighting, demand planning, store inventory allocation, store performance measurement, and RFID. Her research is in strategic interactions in supply chains, sustainable operations management, and retail management.

Venue
Friday, May 11, 2018 at 4.00 pm in IE03